On August 11th, around 3 PM, a mob surrounded a Muslim village of Sidhar Rajputan in the Amritsar District. According to the eye witness account, the zamindars were out tending the fields when the attack started from all four sides. Slowly the mob tightened its grip of the village and converged into

In this article " When Emperors turned on Gurus ", author Parvez Mahmood writes about the historical injustices suffered by the Sikhs that caused a growing rift between the two communities in Punjab. Excerpt ⓒThe Friday Times : The seeds of animosity between the two communities, Muslim and Sikh, t

Reference link (pdf)

Reference: Digital South Asia Library - University of Chicago

Link: http://www.columbia.edu/itc/mealac/pritchett/00maplinks/modern/maps1947/maps1947.html

https://books.google.com/books?id=eloPAQAAMAAJ&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false

Excerpt from Rajinder Kumar Malhotra's journey to Lahore. " What is striking is that though our countries are in conflict over various issues including Kashmir, the people of Pakistan were very courteous and hospitable and they made me as comfortable as possible in their country. It was truly a plea

"Had Master ji not been there that day and had he not acted with that kind of bravado, the map of India would have been very different from what it looks like now. By uprooting the Pakistani flag in Lahore, Master Tara Singh procured for India half of the Punjab and Bengal," - C Rajagopalachari, Pre

Research article by Prashant Bharadwaj, Professor of Economics at UC San Diego and Saumitra Jha, Professor of Political Economy at Stanford University School of Business. The map shows the share of affected religious minorities in the population of pre-Partition India according to the census of 1931

Sanjeev Arora's forefathers were farmers in Jampur (Dera Ghazi Khan) who turned to bookselling in the 1920s when a relative named Narendar interacted with British officials ruling the country at the time and observed their keen interest in reading. He went to England, learned the bookselling trade a

Dr Masuma Hasan is the Chairman of The Pakistan Institute of International Affairs and President of the Board of Governors of Aurat Foundation. He talks about his visit to Panipat with his father Khwaja Sarwar Hasan (photo) in 1965. " In 1965, I had visited Panipat with my father, when he went as

Sargodha was founded at the turn of the 20th century as headquarters of the Jhelum Canal Colony. Too often we forget that the canal colonies of Punjab were colossal enterprises of social and economic engineering. The vast tracts of agricultural land surrounding the administrative and market centre o

Writer Avina Kohli writes a moving story about her family's journey from Mandi Bahahuddin to Ambala. Excerpt: Even if there was to be a Pakistan, it was decided that they would still stay put. Grandfather, like many other of the other people I had interviewed about Partition, had once rhetorically

The economic and agriculture condition of the Sikhs and Hindus was better in West Punjab versus what they received in East Punjab after migration. Here's a document that reveals this disparity. West Punjab was the richer agricultural area and Muslim refugees received larger holdings than they left.

Link: https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/366712/1/Ilyas%2520PhD-E-Thesis.pdf

Article by Harjap Singh Aujla " Rural Lahorias and Sialkotias were the first to migrate to India. According to Gurbachan Singh Bajwa, the then Rehabilitation Minister of Punjab, the Sialkotias crossed the border at Dera Baba Nanak, Pathankot and Wagah/Attari.  Most of the rural Sialkotias were settl

British India railway schedule for Punjab Mail that ran from Bombay to Peshawar. Link to article

The heavily populated area of Field Ganj in Ludhiana, which many say got its name from the city of Wakefield in West Yorkshire, England, was the only home that young Anwar Ali knew of in pre-Partition India. It was in this vicinity that his father worked as a postal clerk. Field Ganj, pronounced Fe

Many Muslim families of this Majha heartland who were converted to Sikhism so that they could save themselves from the communal frenzy in 1947 yearn to meet their relatives in Pakistan. Many who stayed back in India or were left behind, were converted to Sikhism. They grew up believing in Waheguru,

An interesting interview of two brothers now living in Pakistan who talk about life at Dhurkot, Ludhiana. Before partition all used to get along. There were melas and religious festivals that everyone participated. After eruption of violence at Jarahan, Muslims moved to Dhurkot and then on to Ahme

M. Ashraf writes about the lost history of the great industrialist belonging to Sialkot. Link: https://www.thpsc.com/sardar-ganda-singh-oberoi-idol-impartiality/ Excerpt: It is a catastrophe of circumstances that a person, who had been so impartial and so generous, is not remembered among people of

In this interview by Khayam Chohan , the eye witness recounts the massacre of Muslims in the village Mathi, Ludhiana district.

Village Kular (or Kularan) witnessed mass murder of Muslims in the August 1947 partition riots. Reference: Interview by Sanwal Dhami of Mohammad Sharif ( link ). Map of village

About 2,200 Muslims were massacred in this village. Tehsil Tanda, District Hoshiarpur. Video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rJKXvLXdBd8